Which theory posits that learners construct understanding and knowledge of the world through experience?

Which theory posits that learners construct understanding and knowledge of the world through experience?

• A. Direct Relationship
• B. Cognitivism
• C. Behaviorism
• D. Constructivism

Answer: (D)

Constructivism teaches that learners actively build their understanding of the world through experiences. Knowledge isn’t just transmitted; it’s formed as learners connect new experiences to what they already know, test ideas, and revise their thinking. That makes this theory the best fit for the idea that learning happens through experience. Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors shaped by reinforcement, not on constructing meaning from experiences. Cognitivism emphasizes internal mental processes and how information is organized in memory, rather than the active construction of knowledge through experience. The direct relationship concept isn’t a standard learning theory. In practice, applying constructivism with visually impaired students means providing accessible, hands-on experiences—tactile models, guided discovery, and opportunities for reflection—so they can build their own understanding through engaged exploration.

Constructivism teaches that learners actively build their understanding of the world through experiences. Knowledge isn’t just transmitted; it’s formed as learners connect new experiences to what they already know, test ideas, and revise their thinking. That makes this theory the best fit for the idea that learning happens through experience. Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors shaped by reinforcement, not on constructing meaning from experiences. Cognitivism emphasizes internal mental processes and how information is organized in memory, rather than the active construction of knowledge through experience. The direct relationship concept isn’t a standard learning theory. In practice, applying constructivism with visually impaired students means providing accessible, hands-on experiences—tactile models, guided discovery, and opportunities for reflection—so they can build their own understanding through engaged exploration.