Which option is NOT a level in Maslow's hierarchy?

Which option is NOT a level in Maslow's hierarchy?

• A. Physiological
• B. Safety
• C. Love/Belonging
• D. Cognitive

Answer: (D)

Maslow's hierarchy organizes needs in a progression from basic survival to higher personal growth. In its standard form, the levels are physiological needs, safety needs, love/belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization. The term Cognitive refers to a desire to know, understand, and explore, and while some later adaptations of Maslow’s theory include cognitive needs, the original five-level model does not list cognitive as a separate level. Among the options given, Cognitive is not part of the classic hierarchy, whereas physiological, safety, and love/belonging are.

Maslow's hierarchy organizes needs in a progression from basic survival to higher personal growth. In its standard form, the levels are physiological needs, safety needs, love/belonging needs, esteem needs, and self-actualization. The term Cognitive refers to a desire to know, understand, and explore, and while some later adaptations of Maslow’s theory include cognitive needs, the original five-level model does not list cognitive as a separate level. Among the options given, Cognitive is not part of the classic hierarchy, whereas physiological, safety, and love/belonging are.